Evaluate Chaucer’s use of irony in the presentation of Courtly Love. :: Free Essay Writer

Evaluate Chaucer’s use of irony in the presentation of Courtly Love. The term Courtly love had not existed in the fourteenth century. It was only later coined this in Victorian time, although the concept existed when Chaucer was writing. The idea of courtly love is a literary concept that cannot be applied to real life due to what it entails. It was believed that this type of love is the most powerful and is the defining experience of human existence. Chaucer uses this idea in ‘The Merchant’s Tale’, but inappropriately. He shows the ability for there to be courtly love yet it is not fully carried out. In many circumstances he uses it to create humour in the tale by creating ironic situations and behaviours with the characters. This highlights the problems with the relationships of the Characters within the poem. When we are first introduced to January, he is portrayed to be a rich and noble man, which makes him ideal for courtly love. ‘A worthy night, that born was of Pavie, In which he lived in greet prosperitee;’ With this limited knowledge on January, it is possible to see that he is an apt person to be involved in courtly love. This changes, however, as we get to hear more about his personality. He is shown to have followed his ‘bodily delit’ which is not a quality found in a courtly lover. This then presents the reader with the fact that there is something wrong with the idea of January being the courtly lover in the tale. This creates irony as the reader sees that it will be inappropriate from the beginning and that it will not work out. I would argue, that it also enables the audience to take January less seriously as we can see that he is not meant to be a character that we admire. January is interested in getting married and wants to find himself a wife. This is due to the fact that he feels he is getting old and he believes that through marriage he will redeem himself from his licentious past. This also does not fit in with courtly love idea, which is that people will marry because they are in love. January does finally pick a woman and then begins to list the qualities he has found in her: ‘Hir middle small, hire armes longe and sklendre, Hir wise governaunce, hir gentillesse,’ Although January is describing her appearance, he also brings up her personality and mind. This enables the reader to think that this could be courtly love because he does not think of her looks only. By talking about her mind he appears to be seeing her as his equal.

Reveal about the character of Eddie Carbone Essay

Discuss the importance of the stage directions in Arthur Miller’s â€Å"A View from the Bridge† and what they reveal about the character of Eddie Carbone. Arthur Miller’s ‘A View from the Bridge’ is set in and around a workers apartment near Brooklyn Bridge, in an area called Red Hook. The main population is made up of Italian immigrants including the main character, Eddie Carbone and his working class family, around which the story revolve. Eddie works as a longshoreman and is about to take up the task of hosting two illegal immigrants in his house, however he, himself, is the cause of his own downfall and the play is about the events leading to his fatal climax. Almost all the characters speak with Brooklyn style vocabulary and language, however, this does not allow them to reveal their real feelings because their education and vocabulary is limited and Italian men are not very expressive. Another factor is this inexpressiveness is the Sicilian code. The Sicilian code was brought to America by the Italians and is way the Italian community dealt with the law. It involves a strong sense of family tradition so Italians already living in America would accommodate immigrants coming over, like Eddie and the cousins. The man of the house was expected to make all the important decisions and would be respected greatly by his family. For these men actions speak louder than words and so they often found it difficult to show their true emotions. This is one of the main reasons why â€Å"A View from the Bridge† contains very detailed stage directions. Normally, stage directions are used to give the general idea on how the actor or actress is feeling and what he or she has to act out. It also gives any more minor details that future directors or the reader may need to know. The advantage of the detailed stage directions for a director in â€Å"A View from the Bridge† is that he has little to do to influence the characters. On the other hand, the actor can’t add his own ideas to his or her role. Another reason why there are a lot of detailed stage directions could be to pronounce the character’s felling more. Miller was a very precise director and knew exactly what he wanted. That’s why he made his stage directions so detailed, hence limiting the number of changes someone else could make to the play. We get to know the basic plot of the story right at the beginning of the play. Alfieri’s character goes with the comprehensive stage directions as both collaborate to make sure the play is performed and appreciated in the way Miller wanted it to be. Alfieri gives us even more understanding towards Eddie’s character through his monologues and speech. He says that other people had gone through the same situation and had â€Å"sat there as powerless as I, and watched it run its bloody course. † We first get our first glimpse of Eddie almost as soon as the play has begun. â€Å"He is forty – a husky, slightly overweight longshoreman†. We know he is experienced but maybe a little past his prime. Typical longshoremen earned little wages but we see Eddie as hardworking and honest, he has â€Å"a worker’s flat, clean, sparse, and homely†. When we first see Eddie’s niece Catherine she is delighted to see him and Eddie â€Å"is pleased and therefore shy about it;† This gives us another instance where he finds it hard to express himself. Catherine runs â€Å"her hands over her skirt† and shows off her new purchase. Eddie asks her to spin around and calls her â€Å"beautiful† and, she shows off to him and â€Å"turns for him†. Eddie showed just compliment her but he asks â€Å"lemme see in the back†, he’s looking at her in an inappropriate way instead of just complimenting her. These could just be them trying to show their feelings like a loving father and daughter would or it could hint at a more sinister situation. When the news of the cousin’s arrival reaches the Carbones Beatrice is disturbed. She hasn’t made the dinner or got the house into shape. Eddie calms her down but she says â€Å"looking into his eyes† â€Å"I’m worried about you, that’s all I’m worried†. This gives us the impression that she’s worried about Eddie in more ways than just coping with the cousins coming, the relationship between Catherine and Eddie may have been going on some time. When Catherine tells Eddie about her new opportunity to be a stenographer Eddie is immediately disturbed. He wants her to finish school first and doesn’t feel comfortable with the plumbers and sailors that will see her, this is another instance where Eddie may want Catherine to himself not any other men. Eddie finally gives in after Beatrice pressures him and this is the first and only time Eddie cries. He cries like a child has lost a loved one â€Å"for a powerful emotion is on him, a childish one and a knowing fear, and the tears show in his eyes† Straight after this event Catherine comes out with a cigar and matches. She lights it for him. This could be just someone showing they’re thankful or it could be interpreted differently, with a slight phallic twist. The cigar being the phallic object. He says â€Å"Don’t burn yourself. (Just in time she blows out the match. He’s warning her not to hurt herself because of him and we realise that although he may have feelings for Catherine he will not act on them if it affects her in a negative way. Beatrice detects that something and confronts Eddie – â€Å"Who’s mad? †¦ I’m not mad †¦ You’re the one is mad. † As this part of the play continues Eddie glances at his watch anxiously a number of times. He senses that time is running out; Catherine is growing up to fast for him, Beatrice is starting to pressure him and now the cousins (two new Italian men, one single) are about to arrive, Arthur Miller uses this to symbolise that things are moving forward faster than ever before in Eddie’s life. As soon as the cousins arrive we see Eddie start to change rapidly. As the first scene they are in ends Eddie’s â€Å"face is puffed with trouble† Nothing has turned out the way he has planned. Catherine is giving far more attention to Rodolfo than to him and Eddie doesn’t like it. As Catherine is â€Å"enthralled† by Rodolfo’s singing Eddie uses the excuse of immigration officers picking them up. He says later that Rodolfo gives him â€Å"the heeby-jeebies†, and hints that he’s maybe homosexual as he sings and has platinum blonde hair. This is unfair as the cousins have only just arrived and Eddie didn’t like Catherine’s reaction. He has â€Å"a campaign solidified in him† He’s not going to change his mind easily.

Essay about Everyday Use A Mothers Choice - 1067 Words

A Mothers Choice In her short story Everyday Use, author Alice Walker introduces us to a Mother awaiting the visit of her daughter, Dee, who has left her rural upbringing to go away to college. Although we are not told an exact location, the descriptions provided by Miss Walker lead us to believe that the story is set in the very poorest section of the south. Momma narrates this story, and describes to us in her own simple way the dynamics of the family and the conflicts that arise with Dees homecoming. Momma tells us she is uneducated; I never had an education. After second grade, the school was closed. She further describes her rough, rural lifestyle. I can work outside all day, breaking ice to get water for washing...One†¦show more content†¦In her dreams she envisions a mother daughter reunion like ones seen on TV. But she realizes that this will never be; But that is a mistake. Momma seems to understand that Dee has always wanted more, ashamed of her background. Dee wanted nice thin gs ... At sixteen she had a style of her own and knew what style was. The `new Dee that arrives at the doorstep presents many conflicts for Momma. She seems unsure what to make of her, as Dee has changed in many ways, including her name and her manner of dress. It appears that Dee has decided to embrace her African heritage and adopt the mannerisms of that cultural. `What happened to Dee? I wanted to know. `Shes dead Wangero said. `I could not bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppress me. Suddenly what Dee had loathed is now worthy of her attention. Dee takes many pictures of the family, making sure the house is in every one. This confuses momma, since Dee had once told her family that; no matter where we choose to live, she will manage to come see us. But she will never bring her friends. An old butter churn and dasher become coveted items, not forShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Everyday Use 1229 Words   |  5 PagesWalker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† takes place in a village in southern United States. The mother and her daughter, Maggie, unexpectedly met her other daughter, Dee, who left home for a long time. When Dee returned, it was not to visit her mother and sister, but to ask for some family’s ancestral items such as two special quilts. Eventually, the mother saw through Dee’s vanity and refused to give them to her. After Dee went away, the mother and Maggie went back to the peaceful life they used to live. This storyRead MoreComparsion Of Kincaids Girl And Walkers Everyday Use Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesculture. Therefore, in an African American society, a search for self identity is a pervasive theme. The search for identity in Everyday Use written by Alice Walker uses the familys contrasting views to illustrate the importance of understanding present life in relation to the traditions of ancestral culture. Using careful descriptions and attitudes, Walker uses the voice of the protagonist (the mother) to demonstrate which factors contribute to the values of one’s heritage and identity; sheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Eveline 1069 Words   |  5 Pagessymbolism and dramatic irony, Eveline’s final choice is based on what is repressed in her unconscious mind – her mother’s last words. Eveline’s mother’s last word â€Å"Derevuan Seraun† is the deciding factor in which why Eveline chooses stays home. â€Å"Derevuan Seraun† is an old Irish Gaelic, translating to â€Å"at the end of pleasure, there is pain† (Tigges 120). Significant because these are Eveline’s mother’s last words, it contributes as to why Eveline viewed her mother’s life as a â€Å"life of commonplace sacrificesRead MoreSeparating the Flames of Reality Essay577 Words   |  3 Pages In Alice Walkers short story, Everyday Use, Wangero could have thought: Ashes to Ashes. Dust to Dust. Once the house burned, it, and its history is dead--lost in the flames-- the joy in a new start, a new life, a new name must have made Wangero want to dance around the ashes (66) of the house. Dee did in fact change her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo. When her mother asked her why she didnt use her name anymore Wangero answered: Shes dead, I couldnt bear it any longer beingRead More Daystar by Rita Dove Essay1120 Words   |  5 Pagestalks about a woman who is both a wife and a mother and w ho is exhausted by her daily tasks. This poem takes place at a time of rest for the mother while the children take a nap. Doves use of meter and tone concentrates on illuminating the beauty and the importance of everyday events in normal lives. Rita Doves use of tone in this poem as well as the diction of words creates a unique feeling of sympathy for her poems character. When you think of the title `Daystar you consider a performer, suchRead MoreWomans Civil Right1308 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible human act when women are free to make, with full conscious choice and full human responsibility, the decisions to become mothers†- p. 2, l.8. The confutation is used to destroy the conceivable objections against the argument: â€Å"The essence of the denigration of women is our definition as sex objects†. Betty Friedan supports abortion on demand. She believes that mother’s should have the liberty of choice. Mother’s ought to have the rights to creativity beyond being a mother. This creativityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Early Of The Morning By Li Young Lee1003 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal memories and uses narrative in his poems, frequently touching on themes of family, childhood, and memory, intertwined with Chinese culture. (Poetry Foundation) Peggy Kaganoff, a Publishers Weekly reviewer, describes Lee’s imagery as â€Å"economical yet fluid, and his language is often startling for its brave honesty†. (Poetry Foundation) â€Å"Early in the Morning†, published in Lee’s first book of poems, Rose (1986), is a reflection of childhood, as the speaker observes his mother’s daily ritual of makingRead MoreThe Downfall Of Respect : A Character Comparison957 Words   |  4 Pagescomparison of two stories â€Å"Everyday Use† by Al ice Walker and â€Å"Marriage is a Private Affair† by Chinua Achebe showed difference in settings, but similar character traits of how respect has been lost by main characters ‘Dee’ with her mother and sister, and â€Å"Okeke’ with his son. In story â€Å"Marriage is a Private Affair†, Okeke portrayed his disgust and anger towards his son as a sign of his disapproval of his son’s marriage to his wife who was of a different tribe, and in story â€Å"Everyday Use†, Dee portrays selfishnessRead More The Controversial Issue of Abortion Essay1359 Words   |  6 Pagesviews of â€Å"right to life†. In that particular case, it does not include the right to be given anything, but only the right not to be killed by anybody. Then Thomson goes on about the right to use the mother’s body. In cases of rape, the woman gets pregnant she has not given the unborn person the right to use her body for food and shelter. Another way for a person to be â€Å"uninvited† into someone’s body, is if a woman is voluntarily engaging in intercourse, and due to her bad actions she gets pregnantRead MoreWorking Mothers Essays1626 Words   |  7 Pagesoften come from society’s pressures that a working mother’s career may be more important than her family. How do mothers choose what works best for their family? Working mothers who choose to work outside the home offer advantages and disadvantages to their families. Working mothers have several advantages to their families. Mothers teach their children independence, curiosity, and ambition. The value of independence is taught from the mother’s own life and expecting her children to take on more

Essay on The Real Lincoln - 615 Words

Rosenthal 1 Ben Rosenthal Professor Harling History 132 22 October 2008 Critique on The Real Lincoln â€Å"The Real Lincoln contains undeniable evidence that a more appropriate title for Abraham Lincoln is not the Great Emancipator, but the Great Centralizer.† - Walter E. Williams. This is the book that made it happen: the nationwide revision concerning the man who they tried to tell us was a great liberator. Dictator and slayer of liberty is more like it. Lincoln was not the godlike figure of myth and legend but an unusually cruel political operator who exploited the moment for personal gain, just as weve come to expect of modern politicians. The Real Lincoln, argues that, throughout his decades-long political career, Lincolns†¦show more content†¦Lincolns great genius in his own time was using the Civil War as bloody vehicle for solidifying the American System as the United States dominant economic model. Lincoln and Congressional Republicans made all three planks: tariff, national bank, and â€Å"internal improvements† an integral part of national economic life by 1863 with half the nation in rebellion. The rest of Lincolns brilliance came with his powerful ways of persuasion, which ultimately backed up by the entire Union army. Lincolns 1863 Emancipation Proclamation to free the slaves, was admitted by he himself to be little more than a ploy designed to stop European aid to the South with radical abolitionists. DiLorenzo also looks closely at Lincolns dictatorial political and military policies during war time, and considers what might have happened to southern slaves over time if the Civil War and subsequent bitterness of the â€Å"Reconstruction† period had never happened. There is nothing I could think of that I would change in this book, which is a very hard thing for me to say because usually I dislike most of the books that I read. DiLorenzo was actually able to keep my interest througho ut the whole novel. This book teaches you a lot about Lincoln, it definitely changed my view on him and I believe that anyone that reads this book will feel the same. Lincoln was definitely not theShow MoreRelatedThe Real Lincoln Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesThomas DiLorenzo author of, The Real Lincoln discusses Lincoln’s actions regarding racism, his refusal to emancipate the slaves, his continual tendency to act independently of Congress, and his radical reconstruction after the Civil War. DiLorenzo attacks each of these topics in his book and proves that Lincoln had his own agenda, and was not the picture perfect president everybody thought that he was. The overall theme of chapter two is the opposition that Abraham Lincoln and most Northerners had aboutRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln1756 Words   |  8 PagesIn Thomas DiLorenzo’s controversial book, The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War, a new light is shed upon the historic President Lincoln. It challenges ideas and beliefs that students are taught in grade school, and incorporates a new way of thinking. Above all, this book provides insight into the real life of Lincoln, and remains controversial due to its impeding and harsh criticisms. DiLorenzo, an economic historian, is often questioned about his ethicsRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln1757 Words   |  8 PagesIn Thomas Dilorenzo’s controversial book, The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War, a new light is shed upon the historic President Lincoln. It challenges ideas and beliefs that students are taught in grade school, and incorporates a new way of thinking. Above all, this book provides insight into the real life of Lincoln, and remains controversial due to its impeding and harsh criticisms. Dilorenzo, an economic historian, is often questioned about his ethicsRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War, he reveals the truth about Abraham Lincoln and attempts to get rid of the myths that many have told. He reveals the agenda of Lincoln and the real purpose behind the Civil War. One question that some have is why did it take a war to end slavery? In the book it is stated that, â€Å"dozens of countries†¦ ended slavery peacefully during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries†(x). Many argue the fact that Lincoln wasRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln1868 Words   |  8 PagesThe Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War is written by Thomas J. DiLorenzo. He is the professor of economics at Loyola University Maryland and a member of the senior faculty of the Mises Institute . He has received the George F. Koether Free Market Writing Award and his works have been published in the Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics. He has written another book titled Hamilton s Curse: How Jefferson’s Archenemy Betrayed the American Revolution —Read MoreThe Real Lincoln By Thomas Dilorenzo1966 Words   |  8 PagesIn Thomas DiLorenzo’s book The Real Lincoln, is about giving the people who want to know the real story about the â€Å"greatest† American President. When in fact he was not all that great of a president. People know him as the great emancipator. This is ironic because â€Å"Lincoln barely ever mentioned the issue of slavery before 1854, and, even then, he did not seem sincere† (3). This is what everybody knows Lincoln for is freeing the slaves, but it proves that he is given credit for something he did notRead MoreThe Real Lincoln By Thomas J. A Brief1724 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Real Lincoln written by Thomas J. Dilorenzo published in 2002 gives us details into the Lincoln presidency It shows how Lincoln wanted a more central government he was not a man for all people but for the north. It shows that Lincoln was not the reason for the split in the country but a sense of pride was to blame. He did not support equal rights in slave and white americans. He was for the â€Å" American system† and the expansion of America. Lorenzo is a member of the faculty at Loyola UniversityRead More A Critique of DiLorenzos The Real Lincoln Essay1913 Words   |  8 PagesA Critique of the Real Lincoln The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War, by Thomas J. DiLorenzo completely shatters the illusion of the 16th President as the liberator of the slaves. DiLorenzo provides convincing evidence for Lincoln’s overt racism as expressed in his documented views on racial supremacy as stated in his desire to colonize all American blacks outside the United States (p. 4); Lincoln’s views were matched by the majority in the North whoRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, And An Unnecessary War New1379 Words   |  6 PagesDilorenzo, Thomas J. The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War New York: Three Rivers Press. Thomas J. Dilorenzo is the author of the book The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War. Dr. Dilorenzo is an economics professor at the Sellinge School of Business and management, where he published over eleven books. His focus is mostly on economic history and political economics. It became evident to Thomas that the teachingsRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Political Legacy856 Words   |  4 Pagesthis point was to become an empire under Abraham Lincoln and his business supporters. â€Å"Lincoln’s own Reconstruction ideas made a mockery of democracy (227). â€Å"He believed that at least 10 percent of the southern population probably had Unionist sympathies, and he wanted representatives of that group to be put into place by the Republican Party as the governors, mayors, and local public officials of the Southern states after the war† (227). Abraham Lincoln seems like he is trying to get all the power he

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 - 1123 Words

THE INDIAN REMOVAL ACT OF 1830 Migdalia Tuero HIST101: American History to 1877 Professor Kathleen Davis February 13, 2014 There are several historical events and issues that have impacted the contemporary political development among American history. In the history of America one of these groups are the Native Americans. The white man throughout the South called for a removal of the Indian peoples. They wanted the Native Indians to be resettled to the west because their presence created a problem for the white man who needed additional land for settlement. â€Å"The status of Native American peoples posed an equally complex political problem† (Henretta, Edwards, Self 2012, 302). Therefore, Andrew Jackson posed the Indian Removal†¦show more content†¦However, President Andrew Jackson wanted to take the land and move the Indians out West therefore, the government ignored their efforts and the federal treaties previously signed. â€Å"The Supreme Court declared that Congress had complete constitutional authority over Indian affairs and could abrogate or break its own treaties† (Call oway, 2012, p. 436). So instead of protecting the Native American Indians and their land according to the treaties signed by both parties, the United States government decided to take it from them. Jackson then sent troops to expel the Indians from their lands. One tribal Chief Black Hawk offered to surrender to Jackson however; Jackson rejected this offer and continued to send in American troops to pursue â€Å"him [and his tribe] into the Wisconsin Territory and, in the brutal eight-hour Bad Axe Massacre, killed 850 of Black Hawk’s 1,000 warriors† (Henretta et al. 2012, 303). This was not the end of it however, the bloodshed continued when Jackson maintained the Indian removal process. The Federal government drove thousands of Indians to walk over 1,200 miles to the new Indian Territory. During the walk to their new territory the American Indians suffered through devastating times. They suffered sickness such as the whooping cough, typhus, dysentery, cholera and, starvation, these were all epidemics along the way. In this removal nearly 125,000 Native American Indians were forced to leave their ancestral lands that they had cultivatedShow MoreRelatedThe Removal Of The Indian Removal Act Of 18301820 Words   |  8 Pagespolicy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation. Two important tribes have accepted the provision made for their removal at the last session of Congress, and it is believed that their example will induce the remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious advantages.† (Jackson, 1830) This quote from President Andrew Jackson showed the happiness of the â€Å"white settlers† ofRead MoreIndian Removal Act Of 183011 55 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Indian Removal Act of 1830 The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was an act that helped aid the expansion of the United States population into the southernmost states, occupied mainly by Native Americans. The act was a long time coming, especially with President Andrew Jackson, a long-time proponent of Native American removal, at the helm. This paper explores the history leading up to the law, the introduction and passage, as well as the sometimes-tragic implementation of the Indian Removal Act of 1830Read MoreIndian Removal Act Of 1830868 Words   |  4 PagesIndian Removal Act of 1830 The Indian Removal Act was signed into law on May 28th 1930 during the presidency of Andrew Jackson. Perhaps best known as the black eye of the administration and overshadowing his presidency’s accomplishments, the Indian Removal Act was passed into law to allow the president to negotiate with Indians to purchase land they occupied and offer them lands west of the Mississippi. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 could also amount to pure greed and racism, the beginning of theRead MoreThe Indian Removal Act Of 1830940 Words   |  4 PagesThe American’s desire for expansion of their nation and economic growth has always been their main interest and goal. The Indian Removal in the 1830’s was a great example of America’s efforts to expand through North America and their motivation to economically improve through profitable opportunities. When comparing the Indian Removal and the events that followed the Treaty of Paris, a similarity in the expansion of America i s discovered. Labor, politics, and economics of America during the two erasRead MoreThe Indian Removal Act Of 18301083 Words   |  5 Pages The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was a law passed by President Andrew Jackson that provided the funds for the removal of the Indian tribes found in South. These tribes were the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. Slave states, following the lead of Missouri who in the 1820s forced its Indian population to leave, saw the opportunity to expand their industry in the fielding of cotton by â€Å"converting Indian soil into slave soil.† That along with the finding of gold and simply the desireRead MoreThe Indian Removal Act Of 1830892 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents are analyzing is; what are the major effects of the Indian Removal Act of 1830? The students will be given several data sets of events that occurred after the act was initiated and draw conclusions and revise their thesis statement as they go. The big idea of this lesson to have students understand the importance of the Indian Removal Act and it is essentially only the beginning of the journey that Indian tribes had to face after the act was initiated. It led to many heartbreaking events thatRead MoreIndian Removal Act Of 1830923 Words   |  4 PagesIt gives me pleasure to announce to Congress . . . the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlements is approaching to a happy consummation† (Jackson, 1830, para.1). With promises of new lands, protection, and monies, President Andrew Jackson portrays the Indian Removal Act of 1830 as beneficial to Indians, wherein governmental financial gain is incidental. However, when considering land transactions and gold discoveries, the true beneficiaries are revealed. While strengthening the States’Read MoreThe Indian Removal Act Of 18301299 Words   |  6 Pageswere many diverse, and complex views when approaching this subject matter; however, in 1830 President Andrew Jackson passed the Indian Removal Act, which forced Indians to relocate from their homelands in south east to land west of the Mississippi river. This granted the U.S. a large portion of new rich land, unfortunately it was at the expense of the Native Americans. When passing the Indian Removal Act of 1830, President Jackson relied on teleological utilitarianism ethnic views, in that he focusedRead MoreIndian Removal Act Of 1830923 Words   |  4 Pagesbut the Cherokee removal was the cruelest work I ever knew†, remarked a Georgia soldier who had participated in the removal of Indian Natives during the mid-1800’s. As a result of the Indian Removal Act, Indian natives have been perceived as mistreated and cheated throughout history. The Indian Removal Act was passed during the presidency of Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. This act granted authorization to the president to exchange unsettled lands west of Mississippi for Indian lands residing inRead MoreThe India n Removal Act Of 1830865 Words   |  4 PagesWhen the Indian Removal act of 1830 was enacted, the Cherokee Nation panicked. The Cherokee, specifically the romanticized Tsali, did their best to preserve their culture in the mountains of North Carolina, but what really saved them from their harsh fate that so many other Cherokee faced, was there white chief, William Holland Thomas. The Cherokee were â€Å"disagreeable and dangerous neighbors,† but they had a powerful ally in Raleigh, who saved the Eastern Band from a much harsher fate. The Eastern

Oil Production in Newfoundland and Labrador Free Essays

Newfoundland and Labrador is the eastern most province of Canada. The majority of the province’s population can be found on the island of Newfoundland, as most of the province’s source of economy. As the island is located next to the Atlantic ocean, fisheries and fish products have been of the main exports for the province, yet within the last 30-40 years or so, oil has increasingly become an export that contributes to a growing provincial economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Oil Production in Newfoundland and Labrador or any similar topic only for you Order Now Exploration in Newfoundland waters first began in the 1960s although, there was no rush in finding oil in Newfoundland because at the time, it was much less expensive for oil companies to drill elsewhere in the world. Things changed in 1973 when oil prices increased dramatically and the interest in the possibility of finding oil in Newfoundland also increased. Before any oil was found, but exploration was ongoing, the provincial government of Newfoundland set up a series of regulations on how oil resources were to be developed in the event of discovery, to ensure the maximization of local benefits. In 1979, the Hibernia oil field was discovered, proving that Newfoundland and Labrador had economic potential in the oil industry (Fusco, n. d. ). This discovery meant that the regulations that the provincial government created would have to be implemented. The Hibernia oil field discovery ignited a series of disagreements between the federal government of Canada and the provincial government of Newfoundland. The federal government had their own goals for development and believed that Newfoundland should not have the administrative or decision making authorities for offshore mineral resources, stating that â€Å"oil was too important of a commodity to have under provincial control† (Crosbie, 2003). This dispute resulted in years of legal battles over jurisdiction of offshore projects. In 1985 the Atlantic Accord was signed, this accord initiated a joint management system for the province’s offshore resources. The accord also included the creation of the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board (CNLOPB), a board of six members in charge of managing offshore resources on behalf of both the federal and provincial levels of government (Fusco, n. d. , Fraser, 2009) (See Appendix A for more information on the CNLOPB). Hibernia finally began its oil production in 1997 followed by three more oil field productions; Terra Nova in 2002, White Rose in 2005 and Hebron, which is expected to begin production in 2017 (See Appendix B for a map of the locations of oil fields off the coast of Newfoundland). This case study relates to Lesson 9 of the course, which looks at Energy resources that could be found in Canada. Challenges and Opportunities Nearly twenty years passed after the Hibernia oil field was discovered before any official production was made. This demonstrates the magnitude of difficulty the province of Newfoundland experienced just to begin to have oil as one of their main exports. The regulations that Newfoundland and Labrador had implemented after the discovery of Hibernia clearly conflicted with the plans of the federal government, which were to increase profits that would benefit the government of Canada as opposed to the people of Newfoundland. The government of Canada wanted to gain an equity stake in the project with increased royalties during times of high oil prices. Newfoundland’s regulations also limited benefits for the oil companies that would be drilling in Hibernia stating that the province was asking for too much and that the companies wanted a fair share of the benefits. Another large obstacle and devastating event surrounding Hibernia, was the sinking of the Ocean Ranger drilling unit, which not only sank completely, undoing all the work that had been done but also resulted in the death of all 84 crew members (Collier, 2010). Investigations later revealed that there were construction flaws and that the crew lacked appropriate training and equipment in the event of an emergency. After this disaster, it was decided that Hibernia would be a Gravity Base Structure (GBS), which is an oil platform that is held in place by gravity. Even more challenges were faced with this decision because many of the engineers that worked on the GBS had little experience in this type of structure. Additionally, due to the complicated nature of this project, most of the workforce came from other countries who had more experience which ultimately resulted in less jobs for locals (Fusco, n. d. ). In regards to the environment, oil production in Newfoundland waters, although it may serve as economic gold, also brings the possibility of environmental destruction for the ocean. Since fisheries and fish products are some of Newfoundland’s main exports, the fear that exploration and drilling in important areas of fisheries may interfere or damage the overall marine ecosystem is an important challenge. Furthermore, oil spills continue to be one of the oil industry’s largest environmental hazards. Not only would the marine ecosystem be affected but any life surrounding the ocean would be permanently damaged (Higgins, 2011). Despite the overwhelming challenges, the overall opportunities that offshore oil production would bring to the province of Newfoundland and Labrador would be worth all of the difficulties. This venture would serve as a boost in the province’s general economy which was particularly helpful during the 1990s after the cod fishing industry took a dive for the worst (n. a. , 1998 Fisheries). Not only would the economy be benefitting but the local people would also have new opportunities for employment. All of the challenges that the government of Newfoundland faced in the development stages of this venture ultimately gave the government the experience it needed in order to maintain, control, and manage all future oil field developments. This can be seen in the quick and effective development of the Terra Nova and White Rose oil fields. There are other issues surrounding the Hebron field, for example, the type of oil that is found in that location is particularly difficult to extract. These issues are part of the reason as to why oil production at Hebron is scheduled to only begin in 2017 (Fusco, n. d. ). Case Lesson Connection In Lesson 9 of the course, it is discussed that crude oil and petroleum contributes to about 31. 3% of the country’s energy resources (Mulrennan, Lesson 9, slide 7). Although Alberta has about 39% of Canada’s remaining conventional oil reserves, Newfoundland and Labrador offshore developments come second with 28%, not including the oil sands in Alberta, which in that case would account for over 95% of oil in Canada (National Energy Board, 2007). The case study which was examined in Lesson 9 looked implicitly at oil sands in Alberta, in particular, how the extraction of this type of oil is devastating for the environment. Development in Newfoundland is also not environmentally friendly, since drilling in the ocean results in the destruction of certain marine habitats. The threat of possible oil spillage that also continues to be an issue. However, both Alberta and Newfoundland and Labrador have been working to tighten regulations surrounding the environmental hazards in oil sands and offshore oil production respectively. The Alberta government has demonstrated through the implementation of regulations and outlined plans for measures in protecting the environment, as well as the CNLOPB in Newfoundland who have also instilled regulations in regards to environment protection. The benefit of having a joint management system, such as the CNLOPB is that the federal government is as involved in all issues surrounding offshore oil, including the environment (Fraser, 2009). Similarly, as per the reading for Lesson 9, the responsibility of the federal government in pollution control and environmental protection is crucial in attaining results on a national level. References 1. Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board. http://www. cnlopb. nl. ca/ 2. Collier, K. (2010). The loss of the Ocean Ranger, 15 February 1982. Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web site. http://www. heritage. nf. ca/society/ocean_ranger. html 3. Environmental Defence (2010). Duty calls: Federal responsibility in Canada’s oil sands. Pembina Institute and Equiterre. http://www. econcordia. com/courses/environmental_issues/lesson9/PDF/ed-fedpolicy-report-oct2010-web-redo. pdf 4. Crosbie, J. C. (2003). Overview paper on the 1985 Canada-Newfoundland Atlantic Accord. Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening our Position in Canada. 206. Retrieved from http://www. exec. gov. l. ca/royalcomm/research/pdf/Crosbie. pdf 5. Fusco, L. (n. d. ). Offshore oil: an overview of development in Newfoundland and Labrador. Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved from http://www. ucs. mun. ca/~oilpower/documents/NL%20oil%207-25-1. pdf 6. Fraser, G. S. (2009). The Canada-Newfoundland Atlantic Accord implementation act: transparency of the environmental management of offshore oil and gas industry. Marine Policy. 33(2), 312-316. http://0-dx. doi. org. mercury. concordia. ca/10. 1016/j. marpol. 2008. 07. 012 7. Higgins, J. (2011). Oil and the environment. Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web site. http://www. heritage. nf. ca/society/oil_environment. html 8. House, J. D. (2003). Myths and realities about petroleum-related development: Lessons for British-Columbia from Atlantic Canada and the North Sea. Journal of Canadian Studies. 37(4), 9-34. http://0-search. proquest. com. mercury. concordia. ca/docview/203556887? accountid=10246 9. National Energy Board. (2007). Canadian Energy Review 2007 – Energy Market Assessment. http://www. neb. gc. a/clf-nsi/rnrgynfmtn/nrgyrprt/nrgyvrvw/cndnnrgyvrvw2007/cndnnrgyvrvw2007-eng. html#s4_4 10. n. a. (1998) Fisheries. Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Website. http://www. heritage. nf. ca/society/fishery. html 11. Mulrennan, M. E. (2013). Canadian Environmental Issues (GEOG 203) Lesson 9. Concordia University. Appendix A CNLOPB Organization Chart – http://www. cnlopb. nl. ca/pdfs/orgchart. pdf Appendix B Location of Newfoundland oil fiel ds – http://www. cbc. ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2012/05/31/nl-hebron-development-approval-531. html How to cite Oil Production in Newfoundland and Labrador, Essay examples

Critique of Research Findings

Question: Discuss about theCritique of Research Findings. Answer: Introduction: Research critique is the evaluation of the content of the research reports both objectively and critically. It is performed for various purposes such as to assess if a research paper is ready to be published, comment on a research work before its publication, or in some cases, it is an experience for emerging scholars to learn and develop their research skills. In the process of the analysis, a research critique focuses on the elements of the investigation and evaluates the same if it has been carried by the researcher (Clarke Collier, 2015). The aim of this essay is to read critically and analyze the two literature articles, a quantitative and qualitative study. The author will perform a critical analysis of each study. The essay will include the definition and explanation of the term research critique. The essay provides a brief summary and analysis of the research design and content of each article. Further, it provides a critical analysis of each research article by the general credibility of the research conclusions, introduction, literature review, and discussion provided in the article. The purpose of the author in performing critical analysis of the two literature article is to learn and develop research skills. Firstly, let us discuss what a research critique is. It is the evaluation of the content of the research reports both objectively and critically (Creswell, 2014). It includes identification of a problem, looking for specific questions, studying the theoretical and analytical approaches, and review of the research findings and its significance. The summary of the research critique is the authors personal analysis and evaluation of the research articles. It may not always be the scenario that a research critique includes only flaws or faults in a report; rather it may be predominately positive (Howarth et al, 2016). It is the process of analyzing the weakness and strength of the particular research paper. It looks for specific elements in the study and if it has been carried well by the researcher. It analyses if the research question, examination of the literature review, the hypothesis and variables are taken in the study are clear and if the expectations were successfully met by con ducting the study. A critique also identifies any irrelevant information, grammatical errors, presence of redundancy and overall writing style (Sturm Antonakis, 2015). The summary of the two research articles will be discussed in the subsequent sections. The first article critique which will be summarized is Barriers to nurses adherence to central venous catheter guidelines by Jeffery Pickler (2014). The aim of this research study is to identify the barriers to the nursing practice in adhering to the standard of care practices for central venous catheters (CVCs)." The researcher has used qualitative, descriptive research method, and a phenomenological approach to understanding the respondent's perception of the identified issue. The respondents for this pilot study were nurses of Midwest hospital who care for patients with CVCs. A sample size of 10 registered nurses was selected which included eight female, and two male nurses and all had a two years experience in this field. Audio recorded interview was conducted for nurses with each lasting for 2 hours. Colaizzis method was applied for data analysis. The research findings revealed that barrier to adhere to the care practices for CVCs includes nurses' limitation that produces error s. It was found in the research paper Barriers to nurses adherence to central venous catheter guidelines of Jeffery Pickler (2014), that the research aim was clearly stated and investigated. In this study, the researcher has identified that nurses were found unable to adhere to the CVCs guidelines. The study has produced a credible understanding of the research aim by the results obtained from the qualitative study which showed that that nurses' limitation caused noncompliance to CVCs guidelines. The author of this study has provided a consistent link between the research aim, background, discussion and the conclusions. There are no other alternate explanations that can be interpreted from the study results. The introduction provided in this pilot study clearly outlines the increased rate of errors in nursing practice in the management of CVC. This led to rising in death rate in hospitals. Therefore, the researcher aims to understand the factors causing the nurses to deviate from stand ards of practice in caring for CVCs. The researcher has presented a clear rationale for undertaking this study. This topic is significant for the health care providers in understanding and minimizing the medical errors to improve the clinical outcomes. This qualitative study implies that more research is needed to identify the factors affecting the errors. In this paper the background information provided by the author in regards to the identified issue is sufficient. The study has reviewed the existence knowledge gap in nursing practice in regards to the nonadherence of CVC guidelines and cognitive pressure experienced by the nurses. As a qualitative research study the attempt to identify and explain this issue as hospital climate, expectations of physicians, and the instructional methods do appears researchable. The literature review directly relates to the identified problem. The researcher has not only summarized the relevant research findings of the past publications but has also analyzed its strengths and weaknesses. Also, the gaps in the current knowledge and understanding were also highlighted. The researcher has established a clear link between this study and the previous research comes. The author of this study has provided an explicit discussion while examining the results adequately. This study has contributed towards the b etter understanding of nurse's personal limitation as a factor preventing quality care. These findings have successfully fulfilled the aim of this study and have been found to be consistent with findings of other similar studies. This constitutes the strength of the study. These are also found complementing the existing literature and also have added extra information from the nurses. It has highlighted that the weakness of this study was limited sample size and site. It suggests that guidelines adherence can be stimulated by the organization by adopting electronic health record system and with professionals engaging with informatics team. The study implies for additional research on the experienced nurses to identify barriers and facilitators of the "adherence to safe practice guidelines." These findings provide a rationale for future development of a system to measure the significance of each of these barriers in an organization, for example, understanding the easiest way to adher e to the guidelines. The second article critique which will be summarized here is "A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial-coated versus nonantimicrobial coated peripherally inserted central catheters on associated outcomes: A randomized controlled trial" by Storey et al., (2016). This study is a result of increased rate of infections caused by CVCs such as Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)" The aim of this study is to compare the impact of "chlorhexidine (CHG)-impregnated versus non-CHG peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) on the risk of CLABSI". The research was conducted in the Midwest hospital, and the patients were selected as sample population who were placed with PICC line (with or without CHG-impregnated) in the body. A sample size of 167 was considered for the study in a randomized way. The collected data was analyzed by the statistical method (IBM SPSS Statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test, the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact tests). The research findings reveal ed that there was a nonsignificant difference between CHG or non-CHG PICC line inserted patients in respected to CLABSI or VTE noted. In the subsequent sections, the critique of both articles will be presented in details. It was found in the research paper "A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial-coated versus nonantimicrobial coated peripherally inserted central catheters on associated outcomes: A randomized controlled trial" of Storey et al., (2016), the researcher clearly presents and investigates the research aim. The results were linked to the objectives which reveal that there is no difference in CLABSI, and VTE development in patients with PICC line (with or without CHF impregnated) and these findings provide a clear understanding of the research aim. The author of this study has provided a consistent link between the research aim, background, discussion and the conclusions. The researcher has adequately discussed all the elements of the investigation in a coherent and a consistent manner. It is reflected in the stratified sampling method, inclusion and exclusion strategy applied in the study. There are no other alternate explanations that can be interpreted from the study results. The introduction provided in this quantitative study clearly outlines the increased rate of complications associated with CVCs resulting in CLABSI and VTE. Therefore, the researcher aims to understand the effect on these infections with the use of PPC lines with or without CHG. This topic is significant for the health care providers in understanding and minimizing the catheter associated infections and improves the patient outcomes. As there is a literature gap in this area, this study implies for more intense research in future and clearly rationalizes the undertaking of the study. The research findings promote the researchers to explore the other causative factors of the catheter associated infections and develop instruments to minimize the same. The background of the study has insufficient information on the problem. The author has not examined the relevant literature related to the subject of the investigation which represents the weakness of the study. It also lacks the objectiv e and critical analysis of the research publications. It fails to provide the integrated review of the strength and weaknesses of the reviewed literature. However, the discussion is directly related to the problem being investigated in the study. The author has highlighted that how this first RCT study is the latest and best investigation. The study has poorly presented the gaps in current knowledge and understanding. The explicit discussion of the research findings contributes to the development of the understanding in the problem area. The results of the study have fulfilled the research aims. Being the first RCT examining the effect of CHG-impregnated antimicrobial PICC lines versus non-CHG PICC lines on the development of CLABSI or VTE constitutes the strength of the study. The strength of the study lies in its first RCT study design including diverse patient population and three high-risk units "cardiovascular thoracic, MICU, and oncology". The researcher has also highlighted t he weakness of the study in an integrated manner. In the discussion, the author has not suggested anything as a possibility for the future research. This study has provided a rationale for more research with varying issues in this problem area (Storey et al., 2016). Based on the research critique it can be concluded that these studies by Storey et al., (2016) and Jeffery Pickler (2014), are valuable in enhancing the nursing profession in New Zealand. Healthcare organizations can utilize the research findings of these qualitative and quantitative studies to improve the quality of the care provided to the patients. Nurses can work more hard to adhere to the guidelines of CVCs management as it was observed from the first article that nurses are aware of the barriers to implementation of an evidence-based protocol. These studies are promising in minimizing the medical errors. It was observed from the research paper of Taylor et al., (2014) and Worth et al., (2015) that the current practices substantially vary from the "CDC guideline." These results were obtained through a comparative study of "medical and nursing management of CVC between New Zealand and Australia. Similar data was observed in the paper of Vasudevan et al., (2016), which highlighte d an existence in the care provided to the newborn infants associated with CLABSI. In conclusion, the assignment has enhanced my skills of critically analyzing research papers. The critical analysis of the above-presented research article highlights the current problem in CVCs management. It enhanced with the knowledge of nonadherence to the guidelines by the nurses as well as increased infections due to PPC lines coated with the antimicrobial agent. This provides a rationale for future research in this area with variation overcoming the limitations of these studies. Both the research studies have successfully fulfilled their research aims and objectives helping the health care organizations in implementing a positive change for better care facilities. Reference Clarke, S., Collier, S. (2015). Research essentials: How to critique quantitative research.Nursing children and young people,27(9), 12-12. Creswell, J. W. (2014).A concise introduction to mixed methods research. Sage Publications. Howarth, D., Glynos, J., Griggs, S. (2016). Discourse, explanation and critique.Critical Policy Studies, 1-6. Jeffery, A. D., Pickler, R. H. (2014). Barriers to nurses adherence to central venous catheter guidelines.Journal of Nursing Administration,44(7/8), 429-435. Storey, S., Brown, J., Foley, A., Newkirk, E., Powers, J., Barger, J., Paige, K. (2016). A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial coated versus nonantimicrobial coated peripherally inserted central catheters on associated outcomes: A randomized controlled trial.American journal of infection control,44(6), 636-641. Sturm, R. E., Antonakis, J. (2015). Interpersonal Power A Review, Critique, and Research Agenda.Journal of Management,41(1), 136-163. Taylor, J. E., McDonald, S. J., Tan, K. (2014). A survey of central venous catheter practices in Australian and New Zealand tertiary neonatal units.Australian Critical Care,27(1), 36-42. Vasudevan, C., Oddie, S. J., McGuire, W. (2016). Early removal versus expectant management of central venous catheters in neonates with bloodstream infection.The Cochrane Library. Worth, L. J., Spelman, T., Bull, A. L., Brett, J. A., Richards, M. J. (2015). Central line-associated bloodstream infections in Australian intensive care units: Time-trends in infection rates, etiology, and antimicrobial resistance using a comprehensive Victorian surveillance program, 2009-2013.American journal of infection control,43(8), 848-852.